Malaysia Dairy Industries Private Limited Essays

Malaysia Dairy Industries Private Limited Essays Malaysia Dairy Industries Private Limited Essay Malaysia Dairy Industries Private Limited Essay Malaysia Dairy Industries Private Limited (MDI) began in 1963 as a joint venture between a Singapore entrepreneur, Mr. Thio Keng Poon and the Australian Dairy Produce Board. Five years later, the company became a locally owned entity after Mr. Thio and his family bought over the Australian interest in the company. MDI become the first manufacturer of evaporated milk and cultured milk in Singapore and Malaysia. Besides, it also the first to produce 100% fruit juice in both countries. Later, the company also became the first to install an Alfa-Laval UHT Steritherm plant in Asia. In 1994, MDI received the ISO 9002 certificate for Quality Management System in Production and Installation. Over the last decade, MDI has seen a tremendous growth in demand for its perishable products. Demands for pasteurised products have increased form 50,000 litres per month to more than 1.3 million litres per month today. At the same time, Vitagen has become so popular among peoples especially children, that lead MDI has had to expand production capacity to meet the growing demands. Therefore, a trend of continued growth leading well into the next century is expected. As MDI prepares to this growth, it has already built a 5-storey extension to its headquarters to provide greater capacity and scope for manufacturing in the future. While Malaysia Milk Sdn Bhd, its Malaysian subsidiary has also completed its sophisticated new building to meet the needs of the Malaysian consumers. Today, MDI manufactures as many as 21 various product lines, which under the brand Marigold include sweetened condensed milk, evaporated milk, cultured milk, full cream milk powder, pasteurised milk, high calcium milk, long-life milk, fruit juices, yoghurts, and dessert etc. (see appendix for the overview of products). Besides, MDIs research and development laboratory has always played an important role in MDI and especially so in the last few years in order to manufacture products that meet its high standards. In todays environment, companies are operating in an uncertain and turbulent environment, especially due to the US war that will be launch soon. The firms will experiences very high uncertainty while external environmental factors change rapidly. This is because the firms do not have sufficient information about environmental factors to understand and predict environmental needs and changes. Moreover, It will reduce the planning horizon because if the firm operates in an uncertain environment, its management is unlikely to develop plans for more than a few years ahead as they accept that will be subject to large margins of error. Thus, MDI must respond by designing its firm to adapt to the external environment and to influence that environment. The external environment for any organisation includes all elements existing outside the boundary of the organisation that have the potential to affect the organisation, which are the Political, Economic, Social cultural and Technological. Political The political dimension that affects MDI includes government regulations at the local, state, and federal levels as well as political activities designed to influence company behaviour. For the entire product, which produce by the MDI shall in all other aspects comply with the requirements of the legislation that currently enforced in Malaysia i.e. The Food Act 1983 and Food Regulations 1985 which set product standards and particular labelling requirements for milk and milk based products. Each product may by arrangement with a recognised certification body, be marked with the certification mark of that body, provided the product conforms to the requirements of this Malaysian Standard. On the other hand, dairy imports such as milk powder, cheese and butter are required to be certified halal by the Malaysian religious authority, for direct consumption and usage as ingredients for further processing. An import license, issued by the Department of Veterinary Services and Ministry of Int ernational Trade and Industry is necessary for consignments of dairy products entering into Malaysia. Economic The economic represent the general economic health of the country or region in which the organization operates. With the uncertainties over the economy in 2001 and 2002 which due to the war on terrorism since last year, there was softness in demand of dairy product in the local dairy market. The environment today became more turbulent as the terrorism happens everywhere such as the explosion that take place in the Bali in Indonesia, and the Philippine city of Zamboanga. (See appendix about more current issue) Besides, US president was declared to launch war with the Iraq. If this situation takes place, it will mainly affect our economic growth, especially in the Asian countries because the economic problems in US have had a significant impact on the Asian countries as well as the stock market. The world dairy raw material prices will increase due to the inflation of the countries. The dairy product price will therefore increase due to the high cost of raw material. The consumer purch asing power also affect here that the demand of the milk product will be reduces. The consumer may go for select the substitute product which was cheaper than the milk product e.g. soya bean. The unemployment may also take place due to the downturn of economic. Social Cultural The social cultural dimension of the general environment represents the demographic characteristics as well as the norms, customs and value of the general population. In order to meet the consumer satisfaction, MDI have to consider needs of the consumer based on their attitude, taste, age, and the family size. For instance, for the milk it self, it should aimed at various sections of the market i.e. pregnant women, breast feeding mothers, toddlers, children, adolescents, slimmers, active adults, pensioners. For example, a fruit yogurt in Thailand emphasizes health and low calories and is targeted at young women; in Europe, a drinking yogurt in a bright container and featuring a cartoon character on the packaging is aimed at children; elsewhere, a drinking yogurt fortified with vitamins is aimed at active women between the ages of 30 and 40. In this respect, it often seems as if a product is available for every age and occasion. On the other hand, the family also one of the factors affects the producing of milk product. For example, standard packaging of milk in litre and half-litre containers, is well adapted to home consumption, but not well adapted to competing with soft drinks sold from vending machines. For this market, the size of the packaging needs to change (often to between 200 and 350 ml) to encourage sales of milk products, such as flavored milk and chilled coffee, which can compete with soft drinks. Technological Technological dimension includes scientific and technological advancements in a specific industry as well as in society at large. This factor will also affect MDI since the company is using new technology equipment to develop their innovative products. With unceasingly introducing of new technology will be able to develop the innovative products with high quality and high standards. Globalisation means an adherence to universal business principles and practices, which are recognized, respected and understood by the regional and global corporate communities. It is regardless of goods and services that flow across international borders and across vast oceans with few impediments. This also a process which tends to increase the interdependence between national economies. Global markets could offer greater opportunity for people to tap into more and larger markets around the world. It means that they can have access to more capital flows, technology, cheaper imports, and larger export markets. It can be seen, as a movement towards the formation of a single market for goods and services, in which there is no discrimination based on the geographical origin of producers and consumers. Rules of business are changing rapidly and if management is not sensitive to change, their business will be severely affected. Therefore, to survive in the market place, management will h ave no choice but to quickly adapt to continuous changes of globalisation to remain competitive. Opportunity and Threat Today the will to constantly upgrade and to stay at the frontier of the industry remain the key to the companys vision. To meet the challenges ahead, MDI is focusing on the vision which will cover every aspect of business, involving every member of its staff and at every level of the company. Thus, such vision and the principles such as ISO, HACCP become the guiding lights that will plot the companys course in the future. The opportunity to take part in the emerging global economy will also comes to the company. The company will not only establish himself in Malaysia and Singapore but also in other Asia countries such as Thailand, Indonesia, China, Vietnam, and Myanmar etc. However, over recent months, there had been increasing concern over the global economic slowdown, which was most clearly seen in the US and to a lesser extent, in Europe and some countries in Asia. Apparently, the events of Sept 11 had a significant impact on the global business activities. Foreign direct investment worldwide has declined by nearly 50%, indicating a lack of consumer and investor in the light of growing uncertainties in the global business and geo-political environment. This may become one of the threats to MDI in developing its global business. The company also face tough challenge in competitive environment because the competition in the global market is intense, with several major producers vying for the market share. In order to help the company understand their competitive advantage or disadvantage relative to competitors, and to give an informed basis for developing future strategies to sustain or establish advantage over competitors, competitor analysis of the following are necessary here. Competitor Analysis Porter argue that competition in an industry is determined by its basic underlying economic structure, which are the following five force models: * Rivalry among existing competitors The competitor strategic would be one of the main factors to influence the business of MDI. Competitors such as Dutch Lady Milk Industries, Premier Milk/FN Dairies, Nestle Products, New Zealand Milk Products and the Dumex (Malaysia) are constantly coming up with their own market promotional programs by introducing new and improved products and innovative packaging, in order to gain and maintain their market share. These companies often conduct product demonstrations and conduct sampling in shopping complexes and supermarkets. * Threat of new entrants The second model is the barrier to entry the industry. Where barriers to entry are high, the new entrants are likely to be deterred. While the low barriers generally mean that the responses will be slower and offering more opportunity. The barriers to entry the dairy industry are consider medium. The main barrier that the new entrant face would be the creation of strong brands of the competitors such as Nestle and Dutch Lady. * The bargaining power of suppliers This means the behaviour of supplier and their relative power which can squeeze industry profits. This power may affect MDI as most of the raw materials to produce the dairy products are imported from the foreign country such as Australia, Europe and US. Such countries are playing a major player in the world trade of dairy product and they may attempted to dominant the price of the raw material e.g. raises their price to the industry and hence take over part of the profit for themselves. * The bargaining power of buyers Buyers use their power to trade around the industry participant to gain lower prices or improvement to product quality will also affect profitability of MDI. The high standard of milk product that produced by MDI normally offers a lower price compare to other competitors and thus attract more consumer to buy it, for example the low fat of HL milk. * The threat of product substitutes The substitute products which bring the same need to satisfy consumer will bring down the purchases power of the milk product especially when the price move upwards. For example, when the price of the pasteurised milk move up, the customer may look for soya milk which is more cheaper and healthy than the pasteurised milk. In order to tackle the challenges and competitive environment and to expand the company business to the global market, planning consider the main action to MDI to decide where the company to be in the future and how to get it. In fact, the organization such as Shell, IBM, Royal LaPaige, Mazda and United Way have been undertaken a strategic planning exercise each year for reviewing their missions, goals, and plans to meet environment changes or the expectations of important stakeholders. Thus, planning is an important fundamental action for every organization to achieve their goals. There are four main stages in the planning process, which are the following. Establishing Objectives For planning purpose, it is necessary for MDI to define the companys objectives as to provide a sense of direction. The companys objectives are important because company exist for a purpose and such objectives define and state that purpose. Strategic or long-range planning therefore begins with the specification of the objectives towards which future operations should be directed. The attainment of objective also aimed to create the source of motivation and commitment among the employees because the companys goal will facilitate employees identification with the organisation and help motivate them by reducing uncertainty and clarifying what they should accomplish. The first objective that MDI should define is the mission of the company, which describes the broad purpose and its reason for existence, the nature of business and the customers it seek and satisfy. For instance, the business scope of MDI is manufacturing of dairy products. Meanwhile the purpose of the company is to improve the growing demands of the dairy products towards global economy. Another important objective which relate to the organisation as a whole is the corporate objectives. They are normally measurable and are expressed in financial terms such as desired profits or sales levels, return on capital employed, rate of growth or market share. It is important that senior managers of MDI understand clearly where their company is going and why and how their own role contributes to the attainment of corporate objectives. Once the overall objective of the company have been established they must be broken down into subsidiary objectives relating to areas such as product range, market segmentation, customer service etc. Identify Potential Strategies The following stage to the above is to identify a range of possible course of action or strategies that might enable the objectives of MDI to be achieved. Prior to developing strategies, it is necessary to undertake a strategic analysis to better understand the organisations present strategic situation. This involves SWOT analysis of MDI that assess companys strengths and weakness, opportunity and threats in relation to the internal and environmental factors. Once we understand the SWOT of the company, we will be able to identify alternative strategies for the company. The following are some of the strategic that MDI could be use. * Cost leadership This strategy is the aim at being the lowest cost producer in the industry. A firm that bases its competitive strategy on overall cost leadership must construct the most efficient facilities and obtain the largest share market so that its cost per unit is lowest in the industry. It has the ability to lower price in time of severe price competition and provides a cushion to defend profit levels against competitors. Therefore, experience with building the product is very important such as process of production, delivery and service, which lead to further their cost reductions. To bring the cost to the lowest, MDI have to reduce the import of the dairy raw material form foreign country and examining alternatives suppliers who will give the lowest price of ingredients to the company. MDI also can reduce costs through supporting research into new technologies, and using new technology to improve product value, and increasing productivity, and thus bring down the cost. Besides, the company also can use the incentive pay system in order to motivate worker to produce more of the dairy product.

French Verbs That Take Être as Auxiliary Verb

French Verbs That Take Être as Auxiliary Verb An auxiliary verb, or helping verb, is a conjugated verb used in front of another verb in compound tenses in order to indicate the mood and tense of the verb. In French, the auxiliary verb is either avoir or à ªtre. All French verbs are classified by which auxiliary verb they take, and they use the same auxiliary verb in all compound tenses. Most French verbs use avoir, fewer use  Ãƒ ªtre.  The following is a list of verbs (and their derivatives) that require à ªtre: aller  Ã‚  to goarriver  Ã‚  to arrivedescendre  Ã‚  to descend / go downstairsredescendre  Ã‚  to descend againentrer  Ã‚  to enterrentrer  Ã‚  to re-entermonter  Ã‚  to climbremonter  Ã‚  to climb againmourir  Ã‚  to dienaà ®tre  Ã‚  to be bornrenaà ®tre  Ã‚  to be reborn, born again)partir  Ã‚  to leaverepartir  Ã‚  to leave againpasser  Ã‚  to passrester  Ã‚  to stayretourner  Ã‚  to returnsortir  Ã‚  to go outressortir  Ã‚  to go out againtomber  Ã‚  to fallretomber  Ã‚  to fall againvenir  Ã‚  to comedevenir  Ã‚  to becomeparvenir  Ã‚  to reach, achieverevenir  Ã‚  to come again, come back These are all intransitive verbs that communicate a certain kind of movement. You do get used to these verbs over time and one day youll be able to sense whether to use à ªtre or avoir without even having to think about it.  1. In addition to the above, all pronominal verbs use à ªtre as the auxiliary verb:  Ã‚  Ã‚   Je me suis levà ©.  Ã‚  I got up.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il sest rasà ©.  Ã‚  He shaved.2. For all verbs conjugated with à ªtre, the past participle has to agree with the subject in gender and number in all of the compound tenses ( learn more):  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il est allà ©.  Ã‚  He went.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Elle est allà ©e.  Ã‚  She went.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ils sont allà ©s.  Ã‚  They went.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Elles sont allà ©es.  Ã‚  They went.3. Verbs are conjugated with à ªtre because they are intransitive (have no direct object). However, six of these verbs can be used transitively (with a direct object), and when this happens, they need avoir as the auxiliary verb. Mnemonic Devices for Learning tre Verbs: Dr and Mrs Vandertramp There are  certain French verbs  which require  Ãƒ ªtre  as the auxiliary verb in the  passà © composà ©Ã‚  and other compound tenses, and students sometimes have a hard time remembering them. There are 14 common verbs plus numerous derivatives which take  Ãƒ ªtre, and their derivatives usually do too. For example,  entrer  is an  Ãƒ ªtre  verb, as is its derivative  rentrer. Generally speaking, all of the verbs indicate a particular kind of movement, either literal or figurative - lesson on à ªtre verbs.   Intransitive verbs One very important thing to remember is that verbs only use  Ãƒ ªtre  when they are intransitive (do not have a direct object): Je suis passà © huit heures  vs  Jai passà © la maison.Je suis montà © avant lui  vs  Jai montà © la valise. I can promise you that eventually you will instinctively know which verbs take  Ãƒ ªtre, but in the meantime, you might want to try one of these mnemonic devices.   La Maison dtre The French teach  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs with a visual:  La Maison dà ªtre. Draw a house with a door, stairs, windows, etc. and then label it with the  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs. For example, put someone on the stairs going up (  monter) and another going down (  descendre).There are three acronyms that are commonly used to remember  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs. Strangely, none of them includes  passer, which is an  Ãƒ ªtre  verb when used intransively.   DR MRS VANDERTRAMP This is perhaps the most popular mnemonic device for  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs in the United States. Personally, I find DR MRS VANDERTRAMP redundant since it includes some derivatives, but if it works for you, go for it. DevenirRevenirMonterResterSortir VenirAllerNaà ®treDescendreEntrerRentrerTomberRetournerArriverMourirPartir ADVENT Each letter in ADVENT stands for one of the verbs and its opposite, plus one extra verb, for a total of thirteen. Arriver - PartirDescendre - MonterVenir - AllerEntrer - SortirNaà ®tre - MourirTomber - ResterRetourner DRAPERS VAN MMT13 Each letter in DRAPERS VAN MMT stands for one of the 13 verbs. DescendreResterAllerPartirEntrerRetournerSortir VenirArriverNaà ®tre MourirMonterTomber -13  total verbs Tips From Teachers On the  Profs de franà §ais forum, some teachers stated that acronyms dont work - their students remember the letters, but not the verb each one signifies. So they use music or poetry to help students learn and remember à ªtre verbs: 1.  I have the students sing the  past participles  of the verbs to the tune of Ten Little Indians. Its a good way to remember which verbs take  Ãƒ ªtre, plus it helps them remember the irregular past participles: allà ©, arrivà ©, venu, revenu,entrà ©, rentrà ©, descendu, devenu,sorti, parti, restà ©, retournà ©,montà ©, tombà ©, nà © et mort. 2.  I have my students memorize the verbs in a specific order: the 8 -er verbs, which they can learn in about 2 minutes in class. Next is  descendre, because its the opposite of  monter. Then the -ir verbs, the  venir  family, and the beginning and end of life.  Passer par  brings up the grand finale. Most classes can learn them all in less than 5 minutes. And then I put it all together into a little poem: Aller, arriver, entrer, rentrer, rester, retourner, tomber, monter,descendre,partir, sortir,venir, devenir, revenir,naà ®tre, mourir, et passer par.Ces dix-sept verbes sont conjuguà ©s avec le verbe à ªtre au passà © composà ©. Yà ©Ã‚  ! Sometimes I do it in a sing-song voice or rap it. Ive been known to put on a pair of shades; it seems to make an impression and get them all into it. My students seem to be able to remember this order with no difficulty whatsoever, and I see them scanning their quizzes, silently reciting the order of verbs, marking an asterisk next to the ones that need  Ãƒ ªtre, and being quite successful. When I have had those students in more advanced classes through the years, they have remembered my formula. If they slip, all it takes is a gentle reminder:  Aller, arriver...  and to have them all join in to reinforce the verbs. Ive run into students many years later who could still recall them all and wanted to recite them for me. tre Verbs Used Transitively Verbs that require  Ãƒ ªtre  in the  passà © composà ©Ã‚  and other compound tenses are intransitive - that is, they have no direct object. But some of them can be used transitively (with a  direct object), and when this happens, these verbs need  avoir  as the helping verb. In addition, there is a slight change in meaning. descendre Il est descendu.  - He went down(stairs).Il a descendu lescalier.  - He went down the stairs.Il a descendu la valise.  - He took the suitcase down. monter Il est montà ©.  - He went up(stairs).Il a montà © la cà ´te.  - He went up the hill.Il a montà © les livres.  - He took the books up. passer Je suis passà © devant le parc.  - I went by the park.Jai passà © la porte.  - I went through the door.Jai passà © une heure ici.  - I spent an hour here. rentrer Je suis rentrà ©.  - I came home.Jai rentrà © les chaises.  - I brought the chairs inside. retourner Elle est retournà ©e en France.  - She has returned to France.Elle a retournà © la lettre.  - She returned / sent back the letter. sortir Elle est sortie.  - She went out.Elle a sorti la voiture  - She took the car out. Repeating French Auxiliary Verbs - Avoir and tre When using more than one verb in the  passà © composà ©Ã‚  or another compound tense, you can - but do not always have to - repeat the auxiliary verb in front of each past participle. Whether you have to repeat the auxiliary depends on whether the main verbs take the same auxiliary verb. If they are all  avoir  verbs, all  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs, or all pronominal verbs, you dont need to include the auxiliary in front of each one. Verbs With the Same Auxiliary When you want to say I ate and drank, you need to consider the auxiliary verb that  manger  and  boire  require. Since they both take  avoir, you can leave off the auxiliary from the second verb: Jai mangà © et bu Or you can repeat the auxiliary, with or without the subject pronoun:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jai mangà © et ai bu orJai mangà © et jai bu To say I left at noon and got home at midnight, you need  Ãƒ ªtre  for both verbs, so you dont need to repeat the auxiliary: Je suis parti midi et rentrà © minuit But you can also say: Je suis parti midi et suis rentrà © minuit  or  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je suis parti midi et je suis rentrà © minuit The same basic rule applies when youre using only pronominal verbs, as in I got up and got dressed:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Je me suis levà © et habillà ©. However, if you want to repeat the auxiliary of  pronominal verbs, you must also repeat the  reflexive pronoun: Je me suis levà © et me suis habillà ©Je me suis levà © et je me suis habillà ©xxx  Je me suis levà © et suis habillà ©Ã‚  xxx Verbs With Different Auxiliaries When you have a sentence with verbs that need different auxiliaries, or with a mix of pronominal and non-pronominal verbs, you are required use the various auxiliaries in front of each verb. You may also repeat the  subject pronoun:   I worked and went to the bank. Jai travaillà © et suis allà © la banqueJai travaillà © et je suis allà © la banque I got up and went downstairs. Je me suis levà © et suis descenduJe me suis levà © et je suis descendu He ate, left, and went to bed early. Il a mangà ©, est parti et sest couchà © tà ´tIl a mangà ©, il est parti et il sest couchà © tà ´t​ Verbs With Some of the Same Auxiliaries If you have some  verbs with one auxiliary  and some verbs with another, you can still drop the shared auxiliaries when they are alone in the clause (that is, when the clause has only  avoir  verbs,  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs, or pronominal verbs): On a dansà © et chantà ©, et puis (on) est allà © une autre boà ®te We danced and sang, and then went to another club  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As-tu fait ton lit et nettoyà © ta chambre, ou tes-tu douchà © et habillà ©Ã‚  ? Did you make your bed and clean your room, or did you take a shower and get dressed?   When in doubt... Remember that its never wrong to repeat the auxiliary verb (though overdoing it can make your French sound a bit stilted). But it is wrong not to use the different auxiliaries if you have different types of verbs.

Health determinants Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Health determinants - Assignment Example The patient encountered hardships as a result of his lack of income. He was unable to provide for his daily needs, which was accelerated by rising cost of living. He was not able to acquire basic education due to his lack of finances and therefore could not cope with the demands of the current job market. Such people are discriminated against in his society and would not be considered for leadership positions. Consequently, this socio-economic instability also affected the patient’s ability to establish and support his own family. Moreno and Warah (2007) state that a significant proportion of the world’s population lack access to a proper living environment. The physical environment in which the patient lived exposed him to health hazards and stress, leaving him without adequate shelter and clothing. This is a significant determinant of health as the patient was not protected from hostile environmental conditions such as rain and mosquito bites, among other harmful issues. Moreover, personal hygiene cannot be maintained without proper shelter and access to safe food and water. Individual risk factors also determine the overall health status of a person. For example, the patient turned to substance abuse as a mechanism of coping with his stress. Maurer and Smith (2013) argue that emotionally stressed people accelerate their demise through a lack of understanding their predicament and by engaging in negative behavior. Stressed individuals tend to seek self-gratification through undignified behavior especially when they lack money and resources. They tend to abuse illicit drugs that are easily obtained through the black market. The patient had a long history of abusing substances such as cannabis sativa and resin. Although these substances made the condition worse, the patient used them as stimulants. Jacobsen (2014) postulates that a minor change in a social system might influence the entire system; therefore, it should not be ignored. It is important for

International Marketing Audit and Plan Research Paper

International Marketing Audit and Plan - Research Paper Example However, it will enter the market through local wholesale distributors. Azzure brand is one of the assorted company’s products that will gain wide acceptance in China because of the benefits the product offer to the users. For example, Azzure is herbal cigarette which has therapeutic qualities. The Chinese smokers are many and increasing each year. Women smokers smoke an average of 11.6 cigarettes a day while the male smokers smoke an average of 15.5 cigarettes a day. More specifically, it is discovered that young male adults smoke an average of ten cigarettes daily, while middle aged adults smoke the highest number of cigarettes daily standing at an average of 17 cigarettes per day. The old male adults smoke he lowest number of cigarettes daily standing at an average of 10.1 cigarettes per day. The number of women smokers are increasing as the advertisement, promotions and production are tailored to appeal to the female adult population. The smoking rate in China is one of the highest in the world. It is estimated that 1.7 trillion cigarettes are smoked in china each year. The reason for this high smoking rate is due to the social culture of the Chinese people who fancy cigarettes in most of its social interaction. Cigarette smoking is considered as social activity and is normally given as gifts to friends, government officials and foreign guest especially when one is soliciting for favours. This behaviour fuels the demand of cigarettes across the adult population and ensures that the consumption rate is maintained throughout the year. Most Chinese prefer the cigarettes brands that are produced in the home country. However, foreign cigarettes are often considered as status symbol. There are over three hundred and fifty million cigarettes smokers in the whole of China. Therefore, there is a steady market for about two trillion cigarettes in China annually. Most cigarettes sold in China are

The Great Gatsby and Daisy Essay Example for Free

The Great Gatsby and Daisy Essay In the novel, The Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald, there are many characters throughout the story. However, Daisy Buchannon seems to stand out the most to me. She is a beautiful, young girl with many different sides to her personality. She can be innocent, and then she surprises everyone with her promiscuous and careless attitude. Her personality and looks pull in a man named, Jay Gatsby, who unfortunately falls in love. Daisy, soon becomes the central corruption of Gatsby’s American dream which was simply just to be happy until he met the malicious Daisy Buchannon. Daisy is portrayed as a very attractive girl even to the point where her voice caught people off guard as well. Nick says, â€Å"That was it. I’d never understood before. It was full of money-that was the inexhaustible charm that rose and fell in it, the jingle of it, the cymbals’ song of it.. High in a white palace the kings daughter, the golden girl..† (127). This shows that Daisy has a irresistible charm to her that most people attract too, and that she is treated like royalty. However, all of her charm hides the fact that the way she is brought up causing her to be selfish when it comes to most things. As nicks states, â€Å"For Daisy was young and her artificial world was redolent of orchids and pleasant, cheerful snobbery and orchestras..† (158). Daisy is basically in her own little world where everything is handed to her on a silver platter. This is how she has been since she was a child and it has carried through her adulthood. In the beginning of the book, Daisy is shown to be sweet and innocent. Like when she says â€Å"I’d like to just one of those pink clouds and put you in it and push you around† (99). This gives you an idea of Daisy giving a mindless compliment that shows her sweet side. Also, Daisy is often wearing white. Which is color that is associated with purity and innocence. â€Å"She is dressed in white, and had a little white roadster..† (79). This shows that the color can symbolism Daisy’s innocence. Daisy throughout the book soon loses her innocence and shows how promiscuous she can really be. While daisy is married, she begins to have a love affair with Gatsby. Which she chooses to carelessly show and not to disregards what others think of it. For example, â€Å"as he left the room again she got up, and went over to Gatsby, pulling his face down, kissing him on the mouth† (122). She easily got her husband out of the room, so she could continue to show her affection to Gatsby. She even acted as if she didn’t know her husband at all. When Nick scolded Daisy and told her to not bring Tom. Daisy innocently said, â€Å"Who’s tom?†(88). Daisy’s soon proves to not just be promiscuous, but also extremely careless. Gatsby even said, â€Å"She only married you because I was poor† (137). The fact that Daisy left Gatsby and married Tom just for his money shows that she is careless about Toms feelings and takes advantage of him for only his wealth. Even when Daisy and Gatsby get into a car accident and hit poor Myrtle. A couple days after this accident, Nick finds out that â€Å"she and tom had gone away early that afternoon, and taken baggage with them† (172). Daisy is obviously not concerned with the horrible thing she has done and takes off with her husband. As you can see, Daisy Bunchannon appeared to be an innocent girl who fell in love with her old lover. But as the story revolves, her true personality shows and how promiscuous and careless she has proven to be. Her careless mindset causes her to ruin Jay Gatsby’s American dream that was once to be happy and is now ruined by all the money he had spent trying to impress Daisy Bunchannon.

Summary of Expo Center :: essays research papers

An Informative Summary of â€Å"Japanese Hospitality Robots Debut at World Expo† Tsuno, Yoshikazu â€Å"Japanese Hospitality Robots Debut At World Expo.† 9 Mar 2005.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  SpaceDaily 1 Apr 2005 . The 2005 World Exposition in Nagkute, Japan will present technical wonders to the public. The World Expo runs in the central Aichi region for six months starting March 25. Japan uses the expo to display its technological might. Interactive Robots on display will be the main attraction. The Expo includes robots that resemble young women, called Actroid, in information booths that speak four languages. Guest felt awkward due to Actroid’s realistic human features. The designers wanted the most honest reaction from the guest. Three versions of the Actroid with different faces will be mobilized at the Expo. Japan hopes Actroid will draw 15 million visitors to its industrial heartland. There are also security contingent robots on wheels and tiny colorful machines that sing. The Alsok guard robot has a touch panel in its chest to provide directions to visitors. If Alsok detects suspicious people it will try to scare them away with sirens and lights. Alsok can also detect fires and report them to a security center. For small children there is the child-care robot PaPeRo. With built-in cameras and microphones, it can recognize the faces of children and say their names. The PaPeRo also sings with children and quizzes them, recognizing who voice even if they try to trick it. With the expo running for six months, the public will see many advances in robotics created to interact with humans. Even thou we are able to see and interact with them, it will be some time before the public can purchase them. Japanese Hospitality Robots Debut At World Expo Japanese robot venture Kokoro's humanoid robot 'Actroid', able to recognize 40,000 phrases in four languages, Japanese, Korean, Chinese and English, guides visitors at a reception for the 2005 World Exposition Aichi in Nagkute near Nagoya, central Japan 07 March 2005. Japan will welcome the millions of guests at the World Exposition opening this month with hosts trained to greet them in their language, entertain their children and perform rap music with them - the gracious hosts are robots. AFP photo by Yoshikazu Tsuno. by Yoshikazu Tsuno Nagakute, Japan (AFP) Mar 09, 2005 Japan will welcome the millions of guests at the World Exposition opening this month with hosts trained to greet them in their language, entertain their children and perform rap music with them.

How important is the setting in R L Stevenson’s portrayal of a double life in Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Essay

The strange case of ‘Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde’ was written in 1886 by Robert Lewis Stevenson. Robert Lewis Stevenson was born and brought up in Edinburgh in the 1850’s. He was part of a middle class family, his parents were strict Christians and it was very important to them that Stevenson behaved respectfully. When Stevenson was a child, Stevenson’s nanny frightened him with stories of hell and suffering which may have contributed to his ideas in the novel. When he was a young man in Edinburgh he may have used a false name or a hidden identity in order to indulge himself in forbidden activities or he may have fantasized about them, like crime, affairs and homosexuality. In Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde Stevenson uses his experiences to describe the unpleasant side of life. The novel is about how Dr Jekyll leads a double life and its devastating consequences. The book reflects Victorian concerns about city life such as crime and poverty. The novel is set in the city of London and is significant in the novel because in general most gothic novels at that time were set far away or in unfamiliar surroundings, yet Stevenson sets the novel in London which shocked readers because it was a place they all knew which made them think that the themes discussed in the novel could be happening near them. This makes it more frightening to the reader and therefore made it a more popular novel. In the novel Stevenson describes London as ‘labyrinths of lamp lighted city’. This suggests that the city makes it possible for people to easily lose themselves in London. We see this in the novel when Stevenson says ‘he was often absent; for instance, it was nearly two months since she had seen him till yesterday’ (the day of the murder). This tells us that Hyde was often absent and it relates back to people losing themselves in the city. Another important aspect of the setting is the weather, which for most of the novel is described as ‘fogged city moon’ This creates an atmosphere of mystery and unknown and it also suggests that something might be about to happen. The chapter which describes the Carew murder case is an important event in the novel because the murder forces Mr Utterson to investigate and piece together the link between his friend Dr. Jekyll and the murderer Mr Hyde. The reader learns, however, that they are the same person. Stevenson sets the murder scene in a lane which the maid’s window overlooked and interestingly chooses the murder to be ‘brilliantly lit by the full moon’. He does this in order to display every detail of the murder and to show the viciousness of the attack. For example the murder is described as ‘a storm of blows, under which the bones were audibly shattered’. This tells us how brutal and violent the murder was by the maid being able to hear the victim’s bones being broken. It also gives the reader the full affect of the damage that had been done. The murder is particularly shocking because it enables the maid to describe the murder so well as a result of the murder scene being so brilliantly lit by the moon. The characters’ houses in the novel also suggest something about them, Dr Jekyll’s house, for example, is described as having ‘a great air of wealth and comfort’. Hyde’s rooms are described as ‘well furnished’, but they’re located in Soho which is a seedy area full of unrespectable people. The themes in Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde, for example crime and concealing forbidden activities touched on issues Victorians were concerned with because it was set in a familiar place and it made people think the sort of themes discussed in Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde could be happening around or near them. Darwin’s ideas about evolution and how human beings descended from apes changed Victorian beliefs. His ideas about people being evolved from apes’ suggest that animalistic urges and desires might be present in all men. Victorians tended to see crime as being carried out by the poor, who they thought of as being more ‘brutish’ or animal like. Hyde is described as ‘ape like’ but he is the other side of Jekyll, so Stevenson is saying all men are capable of brutish behaviour, regardless of their class. He is also described like this because of the brutal behaviour he shows during the Carew murder case. This suggests that Hyde is less evolved than other human beings. The reader learns however that Hyde is also Jekyll; this makes the reader think that anyone is capable of ‘ape like’ behaviour. Another theme that is discussed in the novel involves people leading a double life. The idea of a double life, like the one Jekyll leads, would have appealed to Victorian readers because of the familiar background the novel was set in. Also Victorian codes of behaviour and social rules were strict and repressive, so people liked the idea of breaking out of this. In this novel the setting is important because it creates a sense of uncertainty and creates atmosphere because of the novel being set in dark and fog for most of it. Stevenson created a genre called urban gothic, this is because he set the novel in a familiar place and also at the time he wrote the book. He created a modern urban setting in order to engage his readers which mean they feel all the emotions more intensely because they can imagine it happening to them. The idea of the double life in the novel not only is of interest to Victorians but also to modern day readers because of the familiar setting. The phrase ‘Jekyll and Hyde’ personality is used today when someone shows two very different sides of their personality because the book is about Dr Jekyll who leads a double life as Mr Hyde. So by saying a ‘Jekyll and Hyde’ personality it is like saying a ‘split personality’. We can see many of the ideas that are in the novel in our present times for example leading a double life and this suggests that the ideas behind the novel are still as relevant today as they were in Victorian times.

China Inflation Essay

In recent years, China has met price of commodities rising quickly, inflation has affecting the overall economy. In this article, I will analyses last five years status of China inflation, explain the cause and effects, then base on the cause and effects, giving some solution to deal with the inflation. According to the definition of economics, inflation refers to the number of currency in circulation more than economic operation needed, and then cause currency devaluation and a persistently rising price level. In order to precisely explain inflation in China, I selected last five years inflation rate to analyze the overall condition about China inflation. Inflation rate, The following chart shows last five years inflation rate and trend of change. * In these chart, we can clearly see that, after 2008 years high inflation rate, inflation rate has fallen during the 5 years. But the size is not big. Since 2009, the inflation rate was going a new round of the rising trend. On the surface, china inflation is not so high, but some of the industry’s price rising greatly, such as agricultural products and real estate industry. And during last thirty years, overall commodity price in china has kept rising quickly. So China inflation is still a serious problem. The cause of China inflation Demand-pull inflation The inflation because of aggregate demand excessive increase is called demand-pull inflation. In order to deal with the financial crisis in 2008, to speed up the pace of economic growth in China, the central government carried out 4 trillion RMB investments and a series of stimulate measures to expand domestic demand. In China, the fixed assets investment increased 30 %( compared to 2008 )ï ¼Å'the amount of fixed assets investment is 22.46 trillion RMB in 2009( 65.9% in annual GDP ) and 27.81 trillion RMB in 2010( 69.8% in annual GDP ). Depends on the huge number of investment and loans, China economic recovered faster in the world, on the other hand some area assumes the extension expansion, break the balance of economic structure, has formed a serious pressure of inflation. Unhealthy investment is other problem in demand-pull inflation. Cost-push inflation 1. Employee wages rising Wage growth makes the production cost growth, on given price levels, the profit level of manufacturer will decrease, manufacturers willing and are able to supply the number of products will decrease, so that the aggregate supply curve shift to left, is caused the price level increase. In 2008 and 2009, the average worker real wages indexes increase from the previous year were 11% and 13%. Over the same period, the GDP growth rates were 9.6% and 9.2% respectively. Worker average wage index rising more than the GDP growth rate of the same period. Wage growth has led the production costs and the total price level increase. 2. Inflation triggered by the rising prices of raw materials In China, after the financial crisis of 2008, the huge investment in fixed assets need a great number of raw material such as steel, wood and cement to support it. The phenomenon of demand greater than supply causes the rising price of wood, cement and steel. That is the beginning of comprehensive price rising. Imported inflation In May 2011, the middle rate between RMB and us dollar break 6.5. China external dependence is relatively large, the decrease in us dollar will transfer the influence to China. Because persistently rising price of international bulk commodity, the biggest importer and trade processing section—china, has suffered huge pressure in cost growth. On the other hand, china is a biggest importer in oil, mineral, food. So when the price of these goods increase significantly, at the same time, through the imported channel affect the general price level in China, leading the imported inflation. In recent years, because of the good investment prospect and appreciation expectations of RMB, also result in a number of unknown money inflows to China, the hot money inflow to China will cause short-term speculation behavior in capital market and real estate market. In china, the regulation system in this area is not sufficient enough, supervision is relatively difficult, and also cause imported inflation in this reason. The effect of inflation in China (1) The influence on economic growth. 1.1 The error of resources guide. When inflation happened, because the destruct to the currency force the price system disorders, upset the market mechanism, to interfere with the market signals and make the transfer of market signal distortion, cause the allocation of resources disorders, reduce economic efficiency and economic instability. 1.2 Effect on labor force. Inflation caused part of the false demand, and disturbing prices and wages system, give the labor many wrong information, they were attracted in some temporary jobs. And once inflation over, or when it is no longer increased enough, these jobs will disappear, and will cause the new unemployment. 1.3 Affects China export product competitiveness. At present China employee’s wages in the big scale of rising, this year in the coastal areas, appear a shortage of 6 million migrant workers, and in coastal areas, average wage rise 15%-20% to rural migrant workers, and this already transfer from a manufacturing economy to a service industry quickly, and the present China industry majority is labor intensive, and also because the status of â€Å"world factory†, low labor costs is a advantage, low wages low price in accordance with China’s interests upgrade transformation haven’t succeeded, it’s to early into high wage upscale stage, the product export will not competitive, other Asian countries will replace the situation of china in market. Inflation will make higher labor costs; increase the difficulty to Chinese products export. 1.4 Brings huge uncertainty to investment and consumption. In inflation, a kind of commodity price increase is not the real increase due to market demand rising, and just because the speculative impulse or panic of consumers, producers about prices rise further caused. Because not every one of the producers can handle the overall market information, so this kind of speculation from the uncertainty and panic is likely to promote the further investment, at same time consumption has become more chaos. (2) The influence of the development of society Inflation influence on the society mainly displays in the national income redistribution, because it changed the income and wealth possession ratio of original members of the society. 2.1 Low-income families are the biggest victims of inflation. On the one hand, because food prices is the mainstay of this round of inflation, and the lower income families has higher Engel’s coefficient, the damage of food prices rising is deep. On the other hand, because low-income families’ consumption in the larger proportion in income holds, marginal propensity is large, is given priority to the necessities of life, this part of the consumer goods often lack of the price elasticity. So, low-income can’t through maintain and increase assets’ value to against inflation. 2.2 This round of inflation come with asset price (such as stock and property) expanded rapidly, and expand the income distribution gap, increase the unfair feeling to low-income people, at the same time, stimulates the enthusiasm to inhabitants of all kinds of assets investment, this investment enthusiasm lead asset prices to rise further, make capital market systemic risk are gathered together. 3.3 Inflation impact social member’s wealth possession ratio. In inflation, physical assets value added much higher than the rate of inflation, so holder can benefit. Conversely, inevitable damaged. If the holders hold deposit money, they suffered loss because of rising prices and decrease in currencies; if the holders hold securities, and then depend on rate between rising prices and stock price changes. Liabilities members of society reduce the actual debt burden. The government and the enterprise are in the net debt position, is beneficiaries in inflation. And residents in a net creditor position, inflation are victim in inflation. How to manage the inflation in China (1) Build a correct understanding of the essence of inflation; attach importance to the management of currency First of all, should control the issuance of the currency amount from the source, keep balance between money supply and economic development needs. For the currency issue institutions, regulating the procedures, shows the clear responsibility, avoid excessive issued. Second, the government should adopt agile monetary policy. According to the actual economic operation, make use monetary policy efficiently, and try to improve the purchasing power of the money, ease monetary inflation pressure. At the right time, raise the deposit reserve rate and raising interest rates, issue Treasury bonds, open market operations to control money supply amount. The purpose is keep the balance of aggregate supply and aggregate demand basically, maintain price stability and full employment. Since January 2010, China has continued to adjust deposit reserve rate in 12 times, percentage of large financial institutions increased to 21.5% from 15.50%, small and medium sized financial institutions has been increased to 18% from 13.50%. This activity shrunk the liquidity to a certain extent. (2) Establish corresponding early warning mechanism Direct response of inflation is the commodities prices continue to rise. The effect of the monetary policy exist certain hysteresis. If began implement monetary policy after the price rise sharply, it need a period of time to produce the result. That may ease economic fluctuations, but that may produce bad influence to the volatility of the economy too. As far as possible to avoid a control too much, or couldn’t control the situation. So, to the macroeconomic regulation, need to establish the corresponding early warning mechanism, it also requires money management authorities to improve the management level, avoid it before obvious inflation, they should take corresponding measures to avoid economic fluctuations. (3) Adjust foreign exchange policy and keep balance of international payments At present our country executes is mandatory settlement and sale of foreign exchange policy is restrictions. Because of the foreign exchange income of export enterprises must be sold to foreign exchange bank. If foreign exchange is constant, in a floating exchange rate, foreign exchange bank of sell excess foreign currency can lead to exchange rate fall. But China want to keep the stable of exchange rate, forced the central bank to buy a large foreign exchange, in order to maintain the stability of RMB exchange rate. This will form empty demand increase for foreign exchange, increase the investment of the monetary, the base currency produce the multiplier effect, which eventually led to the money supply increased. We can gradually allow Banks to foreign exchange transactions, let the foreign exchange market shunt RMB financing, establish foreign exchange reserve fund, carry out foreign exchange transaction. We can choose some management regulations of the financial management, sound enterprise, allowing him to open a foreign exchange account, to keep foreign exchange funds. keep the balance of international payments; change the trade surplus of excessive situation. By simplifying the import formalities and reduce tariffs, etc way, encourage imports, especially the raw material of the block of domestic scarce import, forming materials reserve, timely bring prices down. (1828 words) Reference Bregger J.E (2009) China Inflation rate’s chart. â€Å"National Bureau of Statistics of China†. From: http://www.tradingeconomics.com/china/inflation-cpi 6 JULY IMF, China; International Monetary Fund China inflation rate’s chart (2012) from: http://www.statista.com/statistics/167115/inflation-in-china/ 6 July 6, 2012 Historic inflation China – CPI inflation (2012) from : http://www.inflation.eu/inflation-rates/china/historic-inflation/cpi-inflation-china.aspx 6 JULY Jain T .R (2006) Microeconomics and Basic Mathematics. New Delhi: VK Publication, Jan 2001 Wang X.Q (2002) Population Dividend Effects and china’s economic growth. March 6 , 2009

Essay on War

Essay on War The history of the world comprises a number of wars and the students are required to write essays on war such as essay on civil war, essay on Iraq war, essay on world war, essay on cold war, essay on Vietnam war, essay on world war I, essay on world war II, essay on Korean war, war on terror essay and essay on Spanish American war, etc. For writing essays on war, the students should be well read about the war for which they are writing an essay on war. The essays on war should be informative in terms of the war topic that the student is assigned to write on. In an essay on war, you should give certain aspects of wars such as what are the causes of the war, what are the after effects of the war, the destruction that the war has caused and the involvement of parties who are at the back of war. All the aspects of the war should be depicted in an essay on war, which will make it a strong essay. The format of an essay on war should be like that, that the writer must give the background of the war and should gradually move towards its impacts, the affected people and at the end; the havocs of war should be described. All types of essays on war such as essay on civil war, essay on Iraq war, essay on world war and essay on cold war and others should be written by following the same pattern that is described earlier. The essays on war should contain a full-fledged introduction in which you should introduce the war on which you are writing an essay on war. For writing a persuasive essay on war, all the aspects described above should be considered while writing an essay on war because by considering those aspects you will do a deep research in terms of that war. While writing a war essay, you should be neutral which means that you should not depict any kind of prejudice in your essay on the war. An unbiased essay on war will make your essay more persuasive and readable. In your essay on war, you can also indicate the harmfulness of wars that are fought. The countries who fight with one another keep the lives of their citizens on stake and then the citizens face the after effects of war so, your essay on war can also work as peace proposal for the countries who have fought earlier on or who are planning to do a war.

Lets Get Real About Passion

Lets Get Real About Passion New writers/unpublished writers are quick to say I am passionate about writing. I just dont know how to publish. Okay, but thats apples and oranges. To be passionate about anything means you are skilled at it to a certain degree. You may not be a master or a best-seller, but you have written for long enough to make mistakes, learn from them, and have direction. . . at writing. You can self-correct. You have dreams about the stories. Publishing, however, is not writing. Publishing is about the business. You cannot be passionate about being a published writer simply Passion is a strong feeling, emotion, or like. You cannot have passion for another person without knowing them well. Same goes for writing. Same goes for publishing. In other words, you have to do it long enough to tell whether or not its a passion, because a passion sticks with you for a long, long time. . . and youll do anything to make it happen. It doesnt go away. It doesnt get disenchanted. It sticks. Its purpose. Its about making it happen regardless of what gets in your way.

Global Economic Environment and Marketing Assignment

Global Economic Environment and Marketing - Assignment Example had made a net of over $50 million by the end of 1979 and it had become a household name in the United States as the provider of personal computers (Reuters 2014). Wozniak retired in 1985 and Jobs left later that year owing to power issues within the company management. Between Jobs departure and his return to Apple in 1997, Apple went through a rough patch with changes in leadership and loss of consumer confidence thereby reduced growth prospects. Jobs major idea was to rejuvenate Apple by developing more sophisticated and stylish products which were also user friendly (Gillam, 2012). He also opened up Apple stores as the biggest flagship project towards making global the company and its products. He also ensured that software production became a forefront product. His innovative ideas saw Apple become the second most valuable company by 2010 according to Gillam (2012). Today, the company’s main strategy is the improvement of the current products which is well seen in the current unveiling of iPhone 6. It is worth mentioning that the company also owns FileMaker Inc., Braeburn Capital, Hopstop.com Inc. and Locationary Inc. among many others as